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| Aim:- |
To Teach how to manoeuvre the aircraft in sideways & backwards flight |
Airmanship:-
 - T's & P's, Fuel, Warning Lights, Carb. Heat, H's & H's
- Wind Direction & Velocity
Sideways Flight into Wind
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Maintain 5ft ground clearance (hover height) |
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Good |
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To initiate, ease cyclic in desired direction of travel maintaining heading into wind |
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Use cyclic to control speed over ground - no more than walking pace. Slow speed will avoid large flapback & possible loss of control
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Maintain height with collective - aircraft will tend to sink |
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Maintain direction with pedals - aircraft will yaw in direction of travel |
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Maintain a good lookout |
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To stop re-select hover attitude |
Backwards Flight into Wind
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Before any backwards flight have a good behind |
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Double ground clearance to at least 10ft (remember tail) |
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To initiate, gently ease cyclic aft
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Use cyclic to control speed over ground - no more than walking pace |
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Maintain height with collective - aircraft will tend to sink |
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Maintain height with collective - aircraft will tend to sink |
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To stop re-select hover attitude |
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Re-establish 5ft hover |
Although this exercise is normally performed with the helicopter pointing into wind, the helicopter should also be flown sideways and backwards ‘out of wind’. The following diagram summarises the effects:-
Sideways & backwards flight summary
| Climbs & yaws left |
Sinks & yaws left |
| Sinks & yaws right |
Climbs & yaws right |
Sinks - Unstable in yaw
Tends to pitch nose down |
Climbs - Unstable in yaw
Tends to pitch nose up |
Cyclic Control Limits
By design, the cyclic control is constructed to give the most displacement in the forward direction. If excessive sideways or rearwards flight is instigated it is possible that the cyclic will hit its stops. This is a particularly dangerous situation, particularly in backwards flight, as on reaching the stop the cyclic will not be able to correct for any further flapback
Discussion Points
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Weathercocking & change of relative wind direction |
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Possible loss of ground effect |
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Nose-down pitching on recovery from backwards flight |
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Fore
Aft
Approximage cyclic movement in relation to aircraft direction |
Air Exercises
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Sideways flight, heading into wind |
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Backward flight, heading into wind |
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Combination of forwards, and backwards flight |
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Sideways and backwards flight heading out of wind |
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